Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Adam
- pshorner6
- Apr 1
- 4 min read
Stampless folded letter mailed 19 September 1842 from Halifax to Edinburg. Addressed to James Gibson Craig, Esq. Thistle Street, Edinburgh. Backstamps Halifas, Nova Scotia, SP 19 1842, receipt stamp OCT 3 1842.
Stampless folded letter mailed 3 September 1842 from Halifax to Edinburg. Addressed to James Gibson Craig, Esq. Thistle Street, Edinburgh. Backstamps Halifax, Nova Scotia, SP 3 1842, receipt stamp SEP 15 1842.
Sixty-two-year-old Vise-Admiral Sir Charles Adam was Commander-in-Chief, North America and West Indies Station, residing at Halifax, when he wrote these two letters to James Gibson Craig, Edinburgh in September of 1842.
Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Adam
Born at Blairadam House just north of Kelty in Fife 6 October 1780, he was the second son of William Adam (of Blair Adam) and Eleanora Adam (the daughter of Charles Elphinstone, 10th Lord Elphinstone), Adam joined the Royal Navy in 1790. He served under his maternal uncle, Admiral Lord Keith, in the Mediterranean Fleet and during the capture of the Cape of Good Hope from the Dutch. He was made acting lieutenant by Keith in the third-rate HMS Victorious on the East Indies Station in 1795.
Promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant on 8 February 1798, to commander on 16 May 1798 and to captain on 12 June 1799, Adam was given command of the frigate Sybille. While commanding Sybille, he captured the French warship Chiffonne under difficult circumstances at Mahé in the Seychelles.
Adam returned from the East Indies in 1802, and on 23 May 1803, was given command of the captured Chiffonne, which operated in the North Sea under Lord Keith until 1805. He commanded the fifth-rate Resistance from 27 August 1805 until 6 April 1810, and from 1811 until 1813, operated off the coast of Spain in command of the third-rate Invincible. He briefly commanded the second-rate Impregnable from 16 May 1814 to 29 June 1814, ending his active service.
After the war, Adam twice commanded the royal yacht, Royal Sovereign, from 15 December 1814 until 7 February 1816 as acting captain and from 20 July 1821 to 25 May 1825 as captain. This appointment reflected the political influence of his father. During this period, in 1822, he married Elizabeth Brydone, by whom he had several children, including William Patrick Adam. In 1824 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Adam was promoted rear admiral on 27 May 1825. In the 1831 General election he was elected Member of Parliament for the alternating constituency of Kinross-shire which had previously been held by several members of his family. After the Reform Act 1832 he was elected for the combined Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire, which he held until 1841. He briefly served as First Naval Lord in the Wellington caretaker ministry from 1 November 1834 to 23 December 1834. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 10 January 1835 and was again appointed First Naval Lord, this time in the Second Melbourne ministry, on 25 April 1835. He also became Lord Lieutenant and Sheriff Principal of Kinross on 1 April 1839.
Adam was a friend of Lord Auckland and brother-in-law to Lord Minto, both of whom served as First Lord of the Admiralty during his time in office, fostering a close working relationship. He was also on good terms with Lord Palmerston, the Foreign Secretary.
During his tenure, the Admiralty Board dealt ably with the economies of a peacetime budget, which his Whig loyalties prevented him from questioning. The one major naval campaign of the era was the expulsion of Muhammad Ali's forces from Syria in 1840, an able demonstration of the continued strength of the Royal Navy. During this time, technological progress continued at the Admiralty, with the decision to adapt Francis Pettit Smith's screw propeller, and the new battleship designs of Sir William Symonds in 1841. During his tenure on the Board, Adam was promoted to vice admiral on 10 January 1837.
After leaving the Board, Adam resumed a naval command. From 17 August 1841 until 27 December 1844, he was commander-in-chief of the North America and West Indies Station,
aboard HMS Illustrious (flag-captain John Erskine). On 24 July 1846, soon after the reappointment of Lord Auckland as First Lord of the Admiralty, he became First Naval Lord for the third and last time. He retired the next year, on 20 July 1847, to become Governor of Greenwich Hospital, and was promoted admiral on 8 January 1848.
Adam's brother Francis was the partial owner of the "Nismes" a coffee plantation in British Guiana. After Francis died on 8 June 1820, a part of the mortgage on the plantation was subsequently transferred into Adam's possession on 25 April 1835. Adam, like Francis, was a judgment creditor and was selected as one of the executors of Francis' will and testament; as a result of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, slavery was abolished in British Guiana, and Adam claimed £6,405 of compensation from the British government on 25 July 1836 under the terms of the Slave Compensation Act 1837.
Adam died at Greenwich on 16 September 1853. He was buried in Greenwich Hospital Cemetery. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Adam
Sir James Gibson Craig
Sir James Gibson-Craig, 1st Baronet (1765–1850) was a Scottish lawyer and government
official. In politics he was a Foxite Whig. Born James Gibson he was the second son of William Gibson, an Edinburgh merchant. His mother was Mary Cecilia Balfour, daughter of James Balfour of Pilrig. Gibson was educated at Edinburgh High School and became a Writer to the Signet in 1786. He was a partner in the law firm Craig, Dalziel & Brodie.
In 1831 Gibson's political services were recognised with a baronetcy from the Grey administration. In 1832 he inherited the Riccarton estate from his uncle Robert Craig of Riccarton (1730–1823) on condition that he adopted the surname "Gibson-Craig". He died at his Riccarton estate on 6 March 1850.
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